Exercise oscillatory ventilation in heart failure

Patients with heart failure may show a unique pattern of ventilatory instability characterized by oscillation in minute ventilation (V_E) over time.

Reproduced from: Olson TP, Johnson BD. Quantifying oscillatory ventilation during exercise in patients with heart failure. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2014; 190:25. Illustration used with the permission of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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