Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiographic parasternal long- and short-axis view pleural effusion

Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiogram from the parasternal long- and short-axis viewing windows showing a pleural effusion. Typically a pleural effusion can be distinguished from a pericardial effusion by noting the location of the effusion relative to the descending thoracic aorta. Pericardial effusions are clearly seen anterior to the aorta, with a visible layer of fluid between the myocardium and the aorta. Pleural effusions are typically seen posterior to the aorta without any fluid separating the myocardium and the aorta.