Components of the multidimensional dyspnea profile

Model of the components of dyspnea underlying the multidimensional dyspnea profile. The division into sensory (SQ) and affective dimensions unpleasantness (A1) and emotional response (A2) (shown on the left) is based upon a model of pain perception.^[1] The division into immediate and emotional response domains (shown on the right) is based upon evidence from emergency department patients.^[2]

References:

Lansing RW, Gracely RH, Banzett RB. The multiple dimensions of dyspnea: review and hypotheses. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2009; 167:53.
Meek PM, Banzett R, Parshall MB, et al. Reliability and validity of the multidimensional dyspnea profile. Chest 2012; 141:1546.

Reproduced with permission of the © ERS 2021: European Respiratory Journal 45 (6) 1681-1691; DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00038914. Published 31 May 2015.

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Components of the multidimensional dyspnea profile