Approach to hepatitis B prophylaxis in infants of mothers with negative HBsAg or unknown HBsAg status

Hepatitis B prophylaxis includes HepB vaccine for all newborns and HBIG for newborns whose mothers are HBsAg positive or whose HBsAg status is unknown. Refer to UpToDate content on hepatitis B immunization in infants for additional details (eg, administration of HepB vaccine and HBIG, timing of subsequent HepB vaccine doses, hepatitis B prophylaxis for infants whose mothers are HBsAg positive).

HBsAg: hepatitis B surface antigen; HepB: hepatitis B virus; HBIG: hepatitis B immune globulin.

* If maternal HBsAg testing cannot be obtained (eg, the mother safely surrendered or abandoned the infant after birth), the infant is managed as if the mother was HBsAg positive.

References:

Schillie S, Vellozzi C, Reingold A, et al. Prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR Recomm Rep 2018; 67:1.
Committee on Infectious Diseases, Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Elimination of perinatal hepatitis B: Providing the first vaccine dose within 24 hours of birth. Pediatrics 2017; 140:e20171870.

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Approach to hepatitis B prophylaxis in infants of mothers with negative HBsAg or unknown HBsAg status