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Patient education: Ketogenic diet and your child (The Basics)

Patient education: Ketogenic diet and your child (The Basics)

What is a ketogenic diet? — A ketogenic or "keto" diet involves eating foods that are high in fat, moderate in protein, and low in carbohydrates. Most of the time, the body uses carbohydrates, or "carbs," from the diet as the main source of fuel. With the ketogenic diet, the body breaks down fats into "ketones." It then uses the ketones as fuel for the body.

Why does my child need a ketogenic diet? — Doctors recommend this diet as part of a treatment plan for some people with a condition called "epilepsy," which causes people to have repeated seizures. The ketogenic diet can sometimes help control seizures when medicines have not worked. When a doctor recommends a specific diet for medical reasons, a dietitian (nutrition expert) will help plan the diet for the person.

Your child will need to follow the diet very closely for it to have the best chance of working. This can mean that your child will need to finish all of the food you serve them at a meal.

How can I care for my child at home? — Ask the doctor or nurse what you should do when you go home. Make sure you understand exactly what you need to do to prepare the meals and care for your child. Ask questions if there is anything you do not understand.

Before your child starts a ketogenic diet, a doctor, nurse, or dietitian will teach you how many fats, proteins, and carbohydrates your child needs.

Having a child on a ketogenic diet can be a big change and can impact the whole family. Here are some tips to help you.

Support your child throughout the time they are on the diet:

Explain why they need the ketogenic diet.

Encourage your child to share their feelings.

Praise your child for following the diet.

Prepare your family and close friends for your new way of eating:

Explain what the ketogenic diet is and what foods are allowed.

Help them know how important it is to strictly follow this diet.

Let them know how they can help:

Do not share food or drinks.

Choose non-food items as gifts, rewards, or treats.

Tell them to always check with you before giving your child any food or drinks.

Plan ahead:

Have special snacks, treats, or non-food items available for birthday parties, holidays, or outings. Even a small amount of a food that is not allowed can trigger a seizure.

Keep meals in the freezer for busy times, babysitters, and so on.

Try to serve foods that everyone can eat, including the child on the ketogenic diet.

Consider removing foods that are tempting to your child but not allowed on the ketogenic diet.

Find ways to spend time together that do not involve food.

Talk with your child's school so they can help your child follow the diet properly.

Involve your child:

Let them choose new allowed foods or recipes to try.

Have your child help measure, mix, or cook foods as they are able.

Make a chart to track their progress. You can use stickers to reinforce good eating habits. Track the number of seizures before and after starting the diet.

Find support for yourself:

Connect with other people who have had a child on the ketogenic diet to learn how they have coped.

Talk with your child's doctor, nurse, or dietitian about how you and your family are doing.

Recognize that it can be stressful and takes a lot of work to care for a child on a ketogenic diet.

More on this topic

Patient education: Seizures (The Basics)
Patient education: Epilepsy in children (The Basics)
Patient education: Ketogenic diet (The Basics)

Patient education: Seizures in children (Beyond the Basics)
Patient education: Treatment of seizures in children (Beyond the Basics)

This topic retrieved from UpToDate on: Feb 02, 2024.
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