Evaluation of prospective SCUBA diver for ischemic heart disease

This algorithm presents one possible, conservative approach to evaluating adults wishing to SCUBA dive but who may be at risk for ischemic heart disease. Other reasonable approaches may be taken, and the clinician must exercise their judgement when determining the extent of assessment.

SCUBA: self-contained underwater breathing apparatus; ECG: electrocardiogram.

* 45 years is suggested as an approximate guide, not a rigid threshold. Younger, unfit individuals with multiple risk factors require more thorough evaluation, while older, fit individuals with no risk factors may be at very low risk for diving-related complications.

¶ All cardiac risk models have advantages and disadvantages; no single risk model is appropriate for all patients. Ideally, clinicians should use a validated tool with which they are familiar and that is appropriate for the patient. Refer to UpToDate content discussing cardiac risk assessment.

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Evaluation of prospective SCUBA diver for ischemic heart disease