Approach to timing of treatment for tuberculosis infection (latent tuberculosis) in pregnant patients without HIV infection*

HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; TB: tuberculosis; TST: tuberculin skin test; IGRA: interferon-gamma release assay.

* Tuberculosis terminology is inconsistent in the literature. TB infection (used here) is a newer term for latent tuberculosis infection; TB disease (used here) is a newer term for active tuberculosis.

¶ Testing asymptomatic patients for TB infection during pregnancy is warranted for patients with significant risk factors for TB and progression to TB disease during pregnancy; refer to text for further discussion.

Δ Immunosuppressed patients include those receiving medications such as corticosteroids (≥15 mg/day of prednisone for ≥1 month), immunosuppressive therapy, or tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors, as well as patients with major immunocompromising conditions (eg, lymphoma, leukemia, head and neck cancer, solid organ transplant).