Therapeutic donor insemination: Indications and contraindications

Therapeutic donor insemination (TDI)
Indications	Contraindications
Male partner infertility (azospermia, oligospermia, or other sperm abnormalities) Individuals without a male partner or with a transmasculine partner One or both partners are carrier of a heritable disease Incompatible red cell antigens (eg, D, Kell) associated with hemolytic disease of the newborn or prior birth of a severely affected infant Prior unsuccessful TESE or lack of fertilization with IVF or ICSI Lack of access (eg, availability, cost, or other) to IVF or ICSI for severe male factor infertility	Tubal factor infertility Incompletely evaluated uterine malformations Active pelvic infection Uncorrected anovulation disorder Unexplained or abnormal uterine bleeding

TESE: testicular sperm extraction; IVF: in vitro fertilization; ICSI: intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

Adapted from: Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine and the Practice Committee for the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology. Guidance regarding gamete and embryo donation. Fertil Steril 2021; 115:1395.

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Therapeutic donor insemination: Indications and contraindications