Approach to monitoring celiac disease

DGP: deamidated gliadin peptide; DXA: dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; GFD: gluten-free diet; TTG: tissue transglutaminase.

* TTG and DGP can be used for monitoring celiac disease considering the availability of test at baseline before initiation of the GFD.

¶ UpToDate advises that all patients should be tested for deficiency of vitamins (A, D, E, B12), folic acid, ferritin, and iron. Deficiency in thiamine, vitamin B6, magnesium, copper, zinc, and selenium may also occur depending on the disease severity and dietary intake and should be tested for in the presence of clinical signs or symptoms of a deficiency.

Δ Blood tests at follow-up should be individualized to verify correction of laboratory tests that were abnormal at baseline.