System I and System II thinking and associated errors

Type of thinking	Characteristics	Common errors	Contributing factors
System I (fast and automatic)	Unconscious Associative Effortless Pattern recognition	Skill based: Slips (commission), lapses (omission), fumbles (syringe swap) Rule based: Good rule at a wrong time or a wrong rule at any time	Interruptions Noise Multitasking Fatigue Illness
System II (slow and deliberate)	Conscious Deductive Effortful First principles and logic based	Judgment based: Wrong diagnosis, wrong choice of med to treat a (correct) diagnosis	Cognitive biases (anchoring, availability heuristic, confirmation, etc) Inadequate knowledge base Time pressure

Graphic 141187 Version 1.0

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