Individual immunosuppressive drugs and sites of action in the three-signal model

Anti-CD154 antibody has been withdrawn from clinical trials but remains of interest. FTY720 engagement of S-1-P receptors triggers and internalizes the receptors and alters lymphocyte recirculation, causing lymphopenia. Antagonists of chemokine receptors (not shown) are also being developed in preclinical models.

AP-1: activator protein 1; CD: cluster of differentiation proteins; CDK: cyclin-dependent kinase; CTLA-4-Ig: cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4-Ig; IKK: inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase; JAK3: Janus kinase 3; mAB: monoclonal antibody; MAP: Mycobacterium paratuberculosis; MHC: major histocompatibility complex; MPA: mycophenolic acid; mRNA: messenger ribonucleic acid; NFAT: nuclear factor of activated T cells; NF-_KB: nuclear factor kappa B; PI-3K: phosphoinositide-3-kinase; S-1-P: sphingosine-1-phosphate; TCR: T cell receptor.

From: Halloran PF. Immunosuppressive drugs for kidney transplantation. N Engl J Med 2004; 351:2715. Copyright © 2004 Massachusetts Medical Society. Reprinted with permission from Massachusetts Medical Society.

Graphic 143008 Version 1.0

خرید پکیج

Individual immunosuppressive drugs and sites of action in the three-signal model