Endometrioma: Surgical treatment

Patients with endometrioma may elect surgical removal or medical therapy. Surgical treatment entails removal of the cyst or ovary and is typically performed by laparoscopy. Other disease, such as peritoneal endometriosis implants and/or adhesions, is treated at the same time. Medical therapy is aimed at controlling symptoms and/or reducing the cyst size. Endometrioma removal does not improve outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and is generally not performed for this indication. For additional discussion, refer to related UpToDate content.