Version July 2025
| Agent | Dosing route and interval | Comparative doses | |||||||||
| Exenatide | SUBQ twice daily | 5 mcg* | 10 mcg | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Lixisenatide (not available in the United States or Canada) | SUBQ once daily | 10 mcg* | 20 mcg | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Liraglutide | SUBQ once daily | 0.6 mg* | 1.2 mg | 1.8 mg | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Exenatide extended release | SUBQ once weekly | – | – | 2 mg | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Dulaglutide | SUBQ once weekly | – | 0.75 mg*¶ | 1.5 mg¶ | 3 mgΔ[1] | 4.5 mgΔ[1] | – | – | – | – | – |
| Semaglutide | SUBQ once weekly | – | 0.25 mg*Δ | 0.5 mgΔ | – | 1 mg¶ | 2 mg¶[2] | – | – | – | – |
| Oral once daily (formulation R1) | 3 mg* | 7 mg | 14 mg | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Oral once daily (formulation R2) | 1.5 mg | 4 mg | 9 mg | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Tirzepatide | SUBQ once weekly | – | – | 2.5 mg*¶ | – | – | 5 mg¶[2] | 7.5 mg¶ | 10 mg¶ | 12.5 mg¶ | 15 mg¶ |
GLP-1: glucagon-like peptide 1; SUBQ: subcutaneous.
* Comparative efficacy of starting doses is not known and based on the clinical judgement of authors.
¶ Drug doses that are currently in short supply but still available.
Δ Drug doses with only limited or intermittent availability.
From: American Diabetes Association. Whitley HP, Trujillo JM, Neumiller JJ. Special report: Potential strategies for addressing GLP-1 and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist shortages. Clin Diabetes 2023; 41:467. Copyright and all rights reserved. Material from this publication has been used with the permission of American Diabetes Association.
