- Overweight or obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m2 or ≥23 kg/m2 in Asian Americans)
- Gestational diabetes
- First-degree relative with diabetes
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Hypertension (≥130/80 mmHg or on therapy for hypertension)
- High-risk race/ethnicity (eg, African American, Latino, Native American, Asian American, Pacific Islander)
- Established cardiovascular disease (eg, MI, heart failure)
- HDL cholesterol level <35 mg/dL (<0.90 mmol/L) and/or a triglyceride level >250 mg/dL (>2.82 mmol/L)
- Metabolic syndrome
- Physical inactivity
- Other clinical conditions associated with insulin resistance (eg, acanthosis nigricans)
- HIV disease
- Exposure to high-risk medications (eg, glucocorticoids, second-generation antipsychotics, HIV antiretrovirals, immune checkpoint inhibitors, thiazide diuretics, high-potency statins)
- History of pancreatitis
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