Pharmacologic aspiration prophylaxis before anesthesia

Drug	Dose and timing
Sodium citrate	30 mL orally just before induction
H2 receptor antagonists
Famotidine	20 mg IV 60 to 90 minutes before induction or: 20 mg orally the night before surgery and 20 mg orally the morning of surgery
Cimetidine	200 mg orally 60 to 90 minutes before induction
Proton pump inhibitors
Omeprazole	40 mg orally the night before surgery and 40 mg orally the morning of surgery
Lansoprazole	30 mg orally the night before surgery
Pantoprazole	40 mg IV 60 minutes before induction or: 40 mg orally the night before surgery and 40 mg orally the morning of surgery
Metoclopramide	10 mg IV over 1 to 2 minutes, 60 minutes before induction

H2: histamine 2; IV: intravenous.

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