Approach to patients at high risk for peri-intubation hypoxia

ADHF: acute decompensated heart failure; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; ASD: atrial septal defect; AVM: arteriovenous malformation; FRC: functional residual capacity; HFNO: high-flow nasal oxygen; HPS: hepatopulmonary syndrome; NIPPV: noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation; NIRS: noninvasive respiratory support; PEEP: positive end-expiratory pressures; RSI: rapid sequence intubation; SGA: supraglottic airway.