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Patient education: Common breast problems (The Basics)

Patient education: Common breast problems (The Basics)

What are some common breast problems? — People can have different kinds of problems with their breasts. The important thing to know is that in most but not all cases, breast-related problems are not caused by breast cancer. Even so, if you develop any problem with your breasts, see a doctor or nurse to have it checked out.

Some common breast problems include:

Breast lumpiness

Single breast lump (which doctors call a "mass")

Breast pain

Breast tenderness

Nipple discharge (meaning fluid leaks from the nipples, such as clear, white, yellow, green, or red fluid)

Nipple inversion (meaning the nipples point inward instead of outward) and that is new and has occurred in just 1 breast

Changes in the skin of the breast, such as redness or puckering

These problems can happen at any age. If you develop any of these problems, see your doctor or nurse. Breast problems are not usually an emergency, but you should get checked out as soon as possible. If there is something serious going on, it's important to find out quickly. Your doctor or nurse might be able to tell what's happening just by doing an exam. If not, they can order some tests, or send you to a specialist.

Which tests might I need? — Your doctor or nurse will decide which tests you need based on your individual situation. Common tests used to evaluate breast problems are listed below:

Breast ultrasound – This is an imaging test that uses sound waves to create pictures of the inside of your breast. Among other things, it can show if a lump is solid or filled with fluid.

Breast biopsy – During a biopsy, a doctor takes 1 or more tiny samples of suspicious breast tissue using a needle. The samples then go to the lab to be checked for cancer or other problems.

Mammogram – Mammograms are special X-rays of the breast. They can help doctors find breast cancer.

What could be causing the problem? — The breast symptoms listed above could be caused by a number of problems, most of which are not serious. For example, normal hormone changes in your monthly cycle can sometimes cause breast pain or even lumps that turn out to be nothing. Still, new breast symptoms can be a sign of cancer, so it's important to see a doctor if you develop any symptom.

More on this topic

Patient education: Breast cancer (The Basics)
Patient education: Breast cancer screening (The Basics)
Patient education: Cancer screening (The Basics)
Patient education: Breast biopsy (The Basics)
Patient education: Sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer (The Basics)
Patient education: Breast ultrasound (The Basics)
Patient education: Mammogram (The Basics)

Patient education: Common breast problems (Beyond the Basics)
Patient education: Breast cancer screening (The Basics)
Patient education: Breast cancer guide to diagnosis and treatment (Beyond the Basics)
Patient education: Factors that affect breast cancer risk in women (Beyond the Basics)

This topic retrieved from UpToDate on: Feb 02, 2024.
Disclaimer: This generalized information is a limited summary of diagnosis, treatment, and/or medication information. It is not meant to be comprehensive and should be used as a tool to help the user understand and/or assess potential diagnostic and treatment options. It does NOT include all information about conditions, treatments, medications, side effects, or risks that may apply to a specific patient. It is not intended to be medical advice or a substitute for the medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment of a health care provider based on the health care provider's examination and assessment of a patient's specific and unique circumstances. Patients must speak with a health care provider for complete information about their health, medical questions, and treatment options, including any risks or benefits regarding use of medications. This information does not endorse any treatments or medications as safe, effective, or approved for treating a specific patient. UpToDate, Inc. and its affiliates disclaim any warranty or liability relating to this information or the use thereof. The use of this information is governed by the Terms of Use, available at https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en/know/clinical-effectiveness-terms. 2024© UpToDate, Inc. and its affiliates and/or licensors. All rights reserved.
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