Patient education: Varicocele (The Basics)

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What is a varicocele? —

This is a group of swollen veins inside the scrotum (figure 1). The scrotum is the skin sac that holds the testicles. Varicoceles can happen at any age.

What are the symptoms of a varicocele? —

A varicocele does not always cause symptoms. When it does, the symptoms can include:

●Pain – It might hurt when standing up and feel better when lying down.

●Feeling like 1 testicle is heavier than the other

●Swelling in 1 testicle

●Testicles that look different in size

Sometimes, a varicocele can cause problems with fertility. If this happens, you might have trouble getting a partner pregnant.

Will I need tests? —

Not usually. If you have a swelling that feels like a varicocele, your doctor or nurse will probably be able to tell what it is by doing an exam and asking about your symptoms.

If they are not sure what condition you have, they might order an ultrasound test. This uses sound waves to create pictures of the inside of the body.

How is a varicocele treated? —

Most varicoceles do not need treatment. When they do, treatment can include:

●Pain medicines, such as ibuprofen (sample brand names: Advil, Motrin), if the varicocele causes discomfort

●Wearing tighter underwear or an athletic supporter (jock strap) to support the scrotum

●Surgery to stop blood from flowing into the swollen veins

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This topic retrieved from UpToDate on: Jul 07, 2025.

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Patient education: Varicocele (The Basics)