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Definitions of hematologic, cytogenetic, and molecular response in chronic myeloid leukemia[1,2]

Definitions of hematologic, cytogenetic, and molecular response in chronic myeloid leukemia[1,2]
Response by type Definitions
Hematologic
Complete WBC <10 × 109/L
Basophils <5%
No myelocytes, promyelocytes, myeloblasts in the differential
Platelet count <450 × 109/L
Spleen nonpalpable
Cytogenetic*
Major Complete: No Ph+ metaphases or <1% BCR::ABL1-positive nuclei of ≥200 nuclei on FISH
Partial: 1 to 35% Ph+ metaphases
Minor 36 to 65% Ph+ metaphases
Minimal 66 to 95% Ph+ metaphases
None >95% Ph+ metaphases
Molecular
MR4.5

Detectable disease with ratio of BCR::ABL1 to ABL1 (or other housekeeping genes) ≤0.0032% (≥4.5 log reduction) on the international scale (IS)

or

Undetectable disease in cDNA with ≥32,000 ABL1 transcripts
MR4

Detectable disease with ratio of BCR::ABL1 to ABL1 ≤0.01% (≥4 log reduction) on the IS

or

Undetectable disease in cDNA with ≥10,000 ABL1 transcripts
MR3 Detectable disease with ratio of BCR::ABL1 to ABL1 (or other housekeeping genes) ≤0.1% (≥3 log reduction) on the IS

WBC: white blood cell; Ph+: Philadelphia chromosome positive; FISH: fluorescence in situ hybridization; IS: international scale.

* Chromosome banding analysis of ≥20 bone marrow cell metaphases is necessary to determine the degree of cytogenetic response. If marrow cell metaphases cannot be obtained or evaluated by chromosome banding analysis, the definition of CCyR may be based on interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization of blood cells, provided that it is performed with BCR::ABL1 extrasignal, dual color, dual fusion, or in situ hybridization probes, and that ≥200 nuclei are scored.

¶ Molecular responses are, in general, reported on the evaluation of blood, not marrow samples. For a standardized assessment of the MolR, the conversion of each laboratory datum to the international scale (IS) is recommended, to correct for the variability of the assays in different laboratories. To allow for intra-laboratory variations, a fluctuation of less than one log requires confirmation.
Data from:
  1. Baccarani M, Cortes J, Pane F, et al. Chronic myeloid leukemia: an update of concepts and management recommendations of European LeukemiaNet. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27:6041.
  2. Baccarani M, Deininger MW, Rosti G, et al. European LeukemiaNet recommendations for the management of chronic myeloid leukemia: 2013. Blood 2013; 122:872.
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