Antigenic subtypes of influenza A virus associated with pandemics or epidemics

Year	Subtype	Severity of outbreak
1889 to 1890	H2N8*	Severe pandemic
1900 to 1903	H3N8*	Moderate epidemic, probable
1918 to 1919	H1N1, formerly HswN1^¶	Extremely severe pandemic
1933 to 1935	H1N1, formerly H0N1^¶	Mild epidemic
1946 to 1947	H1N1	Mild epidemic
1957 to 1958	H2N2	Severe pandemic
1968 to 1969	H3N2	Moderate pandemic
1977 to 1978	H1N1	Mild pandemic
2009 to 2010	H1N1	Mild to moderate pandemic^Δ

* As determined by retrospective serologic survey of individuals alive during those years.
¶ Hemagglutinins formerly designated as Hsw and H0 are now classified as variants of H1.
Δ During the 2009 to 2010 H1N1 influenza A pandemic, mortality was relatively high among individuals <65 years of age and relatively low among those ≥65 years of age.^[1]

Reference:

Armstrong GL, Brammer L, Finelli L. Timely assessment of the severity of the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic. Clin Infect Dis 2011; 52 [Suppl 1]:S83.

Data adapted from: Dolin R. Influenza. In: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th ed, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, et al (Eds), McGraw Hill Book Company. New York 2008. p.1127.

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Antigenic subtypes of influenza A virus associated with pandemics or epidemics