Major causes of bone marrow failure

Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes

Fanconi anemia

Telomere biology disorders/dyskeratosis congenita

Shwachman-Diamond syndrome

Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia

Reticular dysgenesis

Other

Acquired causes of bone marrow failure

Acquired aplastic anemia caused by drugs, chemicals, or radiation

Acquired aplastic anemia associated with viral infection or immune disorder

Myelodysplastic syndromes

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Large granular lymphocytic leukemia

Refer to UpToDate topics on bone marrow failure syndromes and pancytopenia for details.

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