Use of various imaging modalities in the evaluation and management of selected hip problems in infants

	Plain radiograph	Ultrasonography	Computed tomography	Magnetic resonance imaging	Conventional arthrography
Developmental dysplasia of the hip	Diagnosis in children >4 months Findings: Superolateral displacement of the femur	Evaluation of infants <4 months who are high risk or have equivocal clinical findings Findings: Superolateral displacement of the femoral head Alpha angle less than 60° Instability of hip (able to move in and out of socket)	Preoperative assessment	Preoperative assessment	Intraoperative confirmation of femoral head position
		Monitoring treatment	Postoperative follow-up	Evaluation of postsurgical reduction	Intraoperative visualization of structures interfering with reduction
		Follow-up of patients treated with abduction splints (eg, Pavlik harness)		Monitoring for long-term sequelae
Proximal femoral focal deficiency	Diagnosis Findings: Short femur with dysmorphic or absent head and neck Delayed appearance or nonappearance of the femoral capital ossification center	NA	NA	Early diagnosis, extent of involvement Findings: Incompletely ossified femoral head Demonstrates cartilage structure of acetabulum and upper femur	NA

NA: not applicable.

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