Version July 2025
| Hypothalamic diseases |
| Mass lesions – Benign (craniopharyngiomas) and malignant tumors (metastatic from lung, breast, etc) |
| Radiation – For CNS and nasopharyngeal malignancies |
| Infiltrative lesions – Sarcoidosis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis |
| Infections – Tuberculous meningitis |
| Other – Traumatic brain injury, stroke |
| Pituitary diseases |
| Mass lesions – Pituitary adenomas, other benign tumors, cysts |
| Pituitary surgery |
| Pituitary radiation |
| Infiltrative lesions – Hypophysitis, hemochromatosis |
| Infection/abscess |
| Infarction – Sheehan syndrome |
| Apoplexy |
| Genetic mutations |
| Empty sella |
| Medications |
| Glucocorticoids |
| Opiates |
| Immune checkpoint inhibitors |
| High-dose progestogens (eg, megestrol acetate) |
