Noncontact endocardial activation map of focal atrial fibrillation

The noncontact endocardial activation map of the half-open left atrium shows that the initial depolarization from an ectopic focus spreads centrifugally from the ostium of the right upper pulmonary vein (RUP), indicated by the white-blue color.

LUP: left upper pulmonary vein.

Reproduced with permission from Schneider MA, Ndrepepa G, Zrenner B, et al. Noncontact mapping-guided catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation associated with left atrial ectopy. J Cardiovascular Electrophysiol 2000; 11:475. Copyright © 2000 Futura Publishing Company, Inc.

Graphic 55997 Version 2.0

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