Factors that cause and interventions that improve endothelial dysfunction

Factors associated with endothelial dysfunction

Increased age

Male sex

Family history of CHD

Smoking

Increased serum cholesterol

Low serum HDL-cholesterol

Hypertension

Increased serum homocysteine

Diabetes mellitus

Obesity

High-fat meal

Interventions that improve endothelial function

L-arginine

Antioxidants

Smoking cessation

Cholesterol lowering

ACE inhibitors

Exercise

Mediterranean Diet

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