| Causes of esotropia |
| Childhood strabismus syndromes |
| Change of angle of preexisting childhood strabismus or loss of suppression scotoma |
| Decompensation of a long-standing esophoria |
| Consecutive esotropia (after strabismus surgery) |
| Optical (eg, optical center change in glasses, overminus in accommodative esophoria) |
| Sensory esotropia (usually not associated with diplopia) |
| Disorders of muscle and restrictive syndromes |
| Orbital myositis (orbital pseudotumor) |
| Thyroid eye disease |
| Myasthenia gravis |
| Medial orbital wall fracture |
| Postsurgical esotropia |
| Isolated weakness of lateral rectus muscle |
| Muscle trauma |
| Progressive external ophthalmoplegia syndromes |
| Other orbital disease processes |
| Disorders of cranial nerves |
| Sixth nerve palsy |
| Ocular neuromyotonia |
| Central disorders |
| Cyclic esotropia |
| Periodic alternating esotropia |
| Divergence insufficiency or paralysis |
| Acute acquired comitant esotropia |
| Spasm of the near reflex |
| Midbrain pseudo-sixth nerve palsy |
| Thalamic esotropia |
| Acquired motor fusion deficiency |
| Hemifield slide phenomena |
