Electron micrograph showing tubuloreticular structures in HIV nephropathy

Electron micrograph in HIV-induced focal collapsing glomerulosclerosis shows numerous intraendothelial (End) tubuloreticular structures (arrow). These structures are not seen in the idiopathic form of the disease. The epithelial cell (Ep) has no discrete foot processes, a reflection of primary epithelial cell injury.

Electron micrograph of a normal glomerular capillary loop showing the fenestrated endothelial cell (Endo), the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), and the epithelial cells with its interdigitating foot processes (arrow). The GBM is thin, and no electron-dense deposits are present. Two normal platelets are seen in the capillary lumen.