Surgical incisions used for minimally invasive CABG

Conventional CABG uses a long median sternotomy incision (A), while the incisions for minimally invasive CABG are small (5 to 7 cm) and include transternal (B), right parasternal (C) extending over the fourth and fifth costal cartilages, left parasternal (D) extending over the third and fourth costal cartilages, and limited thoracotomy (E).