| Cardiac | Hematologic |
- Myocardial ischemia and infarction
- Myocarditis
- Endocarditis
- Heart failure
| - Sickle cell anemia
- Hemolytic anemia
- Henoch-Schönlein purpura
- Acute leukemia
|
| Thoracic | Toxins |
- Pneumonitis
- Pleurodynia
- Pulmonary embolism and infarction
- Pneumothorax
- Empyema
- Esophagitis
- Esophageal spasm
- Esophageal rupture (Boerhaave's syndrome)
| - Hypersensitivity reactions: insect bites, reptile venoms
- Heavy metals and corrosives (eg, lead or iron)
|
| Neurologic | Infections |
- Radiculitis: spinal cord or peripheral nerve tumors, degenerative arthritis of spine
- Abdominal epilepsy
- Tabes dorsalis (tertiary syphilis)
| - Herpes zoster
- Osteomyelitis
- Typhoid fever
|
| Metabolic | Miscellaneous |
- Uremia
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Porphyria
- Acute adrenal insufficiency
- Hyperlipidemia
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Hypercalcemia
| - Muscular contusion, hematoma, or tumor
- Opioid withdrawal
- Familial Mediterranean fever
- Psychiatric disorders
- Heat stroke
|
