Summary statistics of imaging modalities for diagnosis of osteomyelitis associated with diabetic foot ulcer

Diagnostic modality	Total patients	Sensitivity (95% confidence interval)	Specificity (95% confidence interval)	Study
Probe-to-bone test or exposed bone	288	0.60 (0.46-0.73)	0.91 (0.86-0.94)	Dinh et al
Radiography	177	0.54 (0.44-0.63)	0.68 (0.53-0.80)	Dinh et al
Magnetic resonance imaging	135 421	0.90 (0.82-0.95) 0.93 (0.82-0.97)	0.79 (0.62-0.91) 0.75 (0.63-0.84)	Dinh et al Lauri et al
Bone scan	185	0.81 (0.73-0.87)	0.28 (0.17-0.42)	Dinh et al
Leukocyte scan	269	0.74 (0.67-0.80)	0.68 (0.57-0.78)	Dinh et al
In-111 oxine WBC	206	0.92 (0.72-0.98)	0.75 (0.66-0.82)	Lauri et al
Tc-99m HMPAO WBC	406	0.91 (0.86-0.94)	0.92 (0.78-0.98)	Lauri et al
18F-FDG PET/CT	254	0.89 (0.68-0.97)	0.92 (0.85-0.96)	Lauri et al

WBC: white blood cell; HMPAO: hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime; 18F-FDG PET/CT: 18F-labeled fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography.

Data reproduced with permission from: Dinh MT, Abad CL, Safdar N. Diagnostic accuracy of the physical examination and imaging tests for osteomyelitis underlying diabetic foot ulcers: Meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 47:519-527. Copyright © 2008 University of Chicago Press.
With additional data from:

Lauri C, Tamminga M, Glaudemans AWJM. Detection of Osteomyelitis in the Diabetic Foot by Imaging Techniques: A systematic Review and Meta-analysis Comparing MRI, White Blood Cell Scintigraphy, and FDG-PET. Diabetes Care 2017; 40: 1111-1120.

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Summary statistics of imaging modalities for diagnosis of osteomyelitis associated with diabetic foot ulcer