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Cholinesterase inhibitors used for treatment of dementia: Dose and administration

Cholinesterase inhibitors used for treatment of dementia: Dose and administration
Drug Formulations Starting dose Maintenance dose Comments
Donepezil Tablet or orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) 5 mg orally once daily 10 mg once daily (increased after 4 to 6 weeks)* No dose adjustments for kidney or liver impairment.
Transdermal patch One patch (5 mg/24 hours) transdermally once weekly One patch (10 mg/24 hours) once weekly (increased after 4 to 6 weeks) Can cause application site reactions; rotate site. Must be refrigerated. Allow to warm to room temperature prior to administration. Start with morning dosing to avoid sleep disturbances; may switch to nighttime dosing if daytime nausea occurs. No dose adjustments for kidney or liver impairment.
Galantamine Immediate-release tablet or solution 4 mg orally twice daily 12 mg twice daily (increased in monthly intervals by 4 mg twice-daily increments) Give with meals. Maximum 8 mg twice daily with moderate kidney or liver impairment. Do not use with severe kidney or liver impairment.
Extended-release capsule 8 mg orally once daily 24 mg once daily (increased in monthly intervals by 8 mg once-daily increments) Give with a meal. Maximum 16 mg once daily with moderate kidney or liver impairment. Do not use with severe kidney or liver impairment.
Benzgalantamine Delayed-release tablet 5 mg orally twice daily 15 mg twice daily (increased in monthly intervals by 5 mg twice-daily increments) Maximum 10 mg twice daily with moderate kidney or liver impairment. Do not use with severe kidney or liver impairment. Do not split, crush, or chew.
Rivastigmine Capsule 1.5 mg orally twice daily 6 mg twice daily (increased in 2- to 4-week intervals by 1.5 mg twice-daily increments) Give with meals. Slow and cautious titration with kidney or liver impairment or low body weight.
Transdermal patch One patch (4.6 mg/24 hours) transdermally once daily One patch (9.5 to 13.3 mg/24 hours) once daily (increased in monthly intervals to 9.5 mg/24 hours, then 13.3 mg/24 hours) Can cause rash; rotate sites. Fewer side effects than capsule. Maximum dose 4.6 mg/24 hours with mild to moderate liver impairment or low body weight. Do not use with severe liver impairment.
* A 23 mg noncrushable tablet of donepezil is available, but evidence does not support a clinically important advantage to the higher dose and it is associated with increased side effects.
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