Urinary tract tuberculosis

Intravenous pyelogram in urinary tract tuberculosis. Both upper and lower tract involvement are present on the left side as manifested by blunting of the calyces (caliectasis) and two long ureteral strictures (arrows). Although the caliceal changes can be seen in other disorders (such as reflux nephropathy), the concurrent ureteral abnormalities are virtually diagnostic of tuberculosis. A normal pelvic right kidney is also present but is not well visualized.