| Primary pneumothorax | | Asthenic body habitus/subpleural blebs | | Drug use | | Cigarette smoking | | Snorting cocaine | | Smoking marijuana | | Increased transpulmonary pressure | | Valsalva maneuver | | Diving, military flying | | | Secondary pneumothorax | | Airway disease | | Cystic fibrosis | | Asthma | | COPD | | Infection | | Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii) | | Tuberculosis | | Necrotizing pneumonia | | Congenital lung disease | | Congenital pulmonary adenomatous malformation | | Congenital lobar emphysema | | Interstitial lung disease | | Sarcoidosis | | Langerhans cell granulomatosis | | Other | | Connective tissue/inflammatory disease | | Marfan syndrome | | Ehlers-Danlos syndrome | | Juvenile idiopathic arthritis | | Polymyositis or dermatomyositis | | Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome | | Other | | Malignancy | | Primary lung cancer | | Metastatic disease | | Airway obstruction | | Foreign body aspiration | | Thoracic endometriosis | | Catamenial pneumothorax | |
