Clinical features of heat stroke and heat exhaustion*

	Heat stroke	Heat exhaustion
Core body temperature	>40 to 40.5°C (104 to 105°F)^Δ	≤40°C (104°F)
Mental status	Abnormal mental status (eg, obtunded, coma, delirium, hallucinations, seizures, ataxia, slurred speech)	Normal mental status, dizziness, or mild confusion that rapidly normalizes within 30 minutes of treatment. May see syncope with rapid recovery of alertness.
Airway and breathing	May be compromised due to altered mental status, tachypneic	Clear airway, may be tachypneic
Circulation	Tachycardia with hypotension, moderate to severe dehydration	Tachycardia with normal blood pressure, mild to moderate dehydration
Skin findings	Dry skin (classic heat stroke) or sweating (exertional heat stroke)	Sweating
Other clinical features	Vomiting Diarrhea Clinical and laboratory findings of DIC, rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, cardiogenic shock, and liver failure	Nausea, vomiting Headache Fatigue, weakness In some patients, hyponatremia or hypernatremia

DIC: disseminated intravascular coagulation.
* For a discussion of treatment refer to UpToDate topics on heat illness in children.
Δ Some patients with heat stroke may have a core body temperature <40°C (104°F) if cooling measures were initiated in the prehospital setting.

Data from:

Jardine DS. Heat illness and heat stroke. Pediatr Rev 2007; 28:249.
Glazer JL. Management of heatstroke and heat exhaustion. Am Fam Physician 2005; 71:2133.

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Clinical features of heat stroke and heat exhaustion*