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Short-term risk of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with unstable angina/non-ST-elevation MI

Short-term risk of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with unstable angina/non-ST-elevation MI
High risk (at least one of the following features must be present):
History:
Accelerating tempo of ischemic symptoms in preceding 48 hours
Character of pain:
Prolonged ongoing (>20 min) rest pain
Clinical findings:
Pulmonary edema, most likely due to ischemia
New or worsening MR murmur
S3 or new/worsening rales
Hypotension, bradycardia, tachycardia
Age >75 years
ECG:
Angina at rest with transient ST-segment changes >0.5 mm
Bundle-branch block, new or presumed new
Sustained ventricular tachycardia
Cardiac markers:
Elevated cardiac TnT, TnI, or CK-MB (eg, TnT or TnI >0.1 ng per mL)
Intermediate risk (no high-risk feature but must have one of the following):
History:
Prior MI, peripheral or cerebrovascular disease, or CABG; prior aspirin use
Character of pain:
Prolonged (>20 min) rest angina, now resolved, with moderate or high likelihood of CAD
Rest angina (>20 min) or relieved with rest or sublingual NTG
Nocturnal angina
New onset or progressive CCS class III or IV angina in the past two weeks without prolonged (>20 min) rest pain but with intermediate or high likelihood of CAD
Clinical findings:
Age >70 years
ECG:
T-wave changes
Pathological Q waves or resting ST-depression less than 1 mm in multiple lead groups (anterior, inferior, lateral)
Cardiac markers:
Slightly elevated cardiac TnT, TnI, or CK-MB (eg, TnT greater than 0.01 but less than 0.1 ng per mL)
Low risk (no high- or intermediate-risk features, but may have any of the following features):
Character of pain:
Increased angina frequency, severity, or duration
Angina provoked at a lower threshold
New onset angina with onset two weeks to two months prior to presentation
ECG:
Normal or unchanged ECG
Cardiac markers:
Normal
MR: mitral regurgitation; ECG: electrocardiogram; TnT: cardiac troponin T; TnI: cardiac troponin I; CK-MB: creatine kinase MB; CCS: Canadian Cardiovascular Society; CAD: coronary artery disease; NTG: nitroglycerin.
Adapted from Anderson JL, Adams CD, Antman EM, et al. ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina/non-ST-Elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) developed in collaboration with the American College of Emergency Physicians, the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 50:e1.
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