| Acute hepatocellular | Miscellaneous |
- Viral hepatitis
- Alcohol-associated fatty liver and/or hepatitis
- Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- Drugs
| - Hypotension/hypoxemia/HF
- Budd-Chiari syndrome
- Parasitic infection (Clonorchis sinensis; Fasciola hepatica)
- Idiopathic adulthood ductopenia
- Other cholangiopathies (IgG4 cholangiopathy; ischemic cholangiopathy; COVID-19)
|
| Chronic hepatocellular | Inherited/endocrine |
- Primary sclerosing cholangitis
- Primary biliary cholangitis
- Drugs
- Hepatitis (viral, alcohol, autoimmune)
- Cirrhosis of any cause
| - Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC)
- Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC)
- Low phospholipid-associated cholestasis (LPAC)
- Thyrotoxicosis
- Alagille syndrome
- Disorders of carbohydrate, lipid, or bile acid metabolism
- Caroli's disease
- Pregnancy
- Protoporphyria
|
| Multifactorial | Infiltrative/granulomatous |
- Total parenteral nutrition
- Systemic infection
- Postoperative
- Sickle cell disease/crisis
- Organ transplantation (rejection; graft-versus-host disease; venoocclusive disease)
| - Amyloidosis
- Lymphoma*
- Sarcoidosis
- Tuberculosis
|
September 2025
