Causes of secondary dyslipidemia in children

Exogenous

Alcohol

Drug therapy

Corticosteroids

Isotretinoin

Some oral contraceptives

Select chemotherapeutic agents

Select antiretroviral agents

Endocrine/Metabolic

Hypothyroidism/hypopituitarism

Diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2

Pregnancy

Polycystic ovary syndrome

Lipodystrophy

Acute intermittent porphyria

Renal

Chronic renal disease

Hemolytic uremic syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome

Infectious

Acute viral/bacterial infection*

HIV infection

Hepatitis

Hepatic

Obstructive liver disease/cholestatic conditions

Biliary cirrhosis

Alagille syndrome

Inflammatory disease

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Storage disease

Glycogen storage disease

Gaucher disease

Cystine storage disease

Juvenile Tay-Sachs disease

Niemann-Pick disease

Other

Kawasaki disease

Anorexia nervosa

Solid organ transplantation

Childhood cancer survivor

Progeria

Idiopathic hypercalcemia

Klinefelter syndrome

Werner syndrome

* Delay measurement until ≥3 weeks postinfection.

Adapted from: Daniels SR, Benuck I, Christakis DA, et al. Expert panel on integrated guidelines for cardiovascular health and risk reduction in children and adolescents: Full report, 2011. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Available at: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/cvd_ped/peds_guidelines_full.pdf.

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Causes of secondary dyslipidemia in children