Causes of pediatric hypertensive emergencies and urgencies by age

Renal vascular disease*

Congenital renal anomaly*

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia*

Coarctation of the aorta*

Volume overload

Increased intracranial pressure

Renal parenchymal disease

Renal vein thrombosis

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Tumor (eg, neuroblastoma)

Renal parenchymal disease*

Renovascular disease*

Coarctation of the aorta

Pheochromocytoma

Increased intracranial pressure

Drug induced/toxicologic

Renal parenchymal disease*

Primary hypertension (including treated patients with non-adherence to medication)

Increased intracranial pressure*

Renovascular disease

Preeclampsia/eclampsia

Drug induced/toxicologic

Pheochromocytoma