Version June 2024
| Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (risk factors: family history of autoimmune thyroid disease, personal or family history of associated autoimmune disorders, Down syndrome, Turner syndrome) |
| Persistent TSH increase in subacute thyroiditis, postpartum thyroiditis, painless thyroiditis |
| Thyroid injury – Partial thyroidectomy or other neck surgery, radioactive iodine therapy, external radiotherapy of the head and neck |
| Drugs impairing thyroid function – Iodine and iodine-containing medications (amiodarone, radiographic contrast agents), lithium carbonate, cytokines (especially interferon alfa), aminoglutethimide, ethionamide, sulfonamides, and sulfonylureas |
| Inadequate replacement therapy for overt hypothyroidism (inadequate dosage, noncompliance, drug interactions [iron, calcium carbonate, cholestyramine, dietary soy, fiber, etc.], increased T4 clearance [phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, etc], malabsorption) |
| Thyroid infiltration (amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, hemochromatosis, Riedel's thyroiditis, cystinosis, AIDS, primary thyroid lymphoma) |
| Central hypothyroidism with impaired TSH bioactivity |
| Toxic substances, industrial and environmental agents |
| TSH receptor gene mutations; G-alpha gene mutations |
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