Representation of echocardiographic findings in severe pulmonary hypertension

Schematic representation of two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic changes in severe pulmonary hypertension. The main findings are right ventricular enlargement (RVE), right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), right atrial enlargement (RAE), functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) with a high velocity regurgitant jet by Doppler (TR jet), and a mid-systolic notch on the pulmonary artery Doppler flow tracing (PA flow). The interventricular septum is shifted toward the left ventricular cavity, resulting in flattening of the ventricular septum particularly during systole; this flattening is most evident in the short-axis left ventricular cavity view (not shown).