Prevalence of selected adverse reproductive outcomes in the United States

Outcome	Percent	Unit of measure
Infertility	8-12	Couples
Recognized spontaneous abortion	15-20	Women or pregnancies
Birth weight <2500 g	7-9	Livebirths
Preterm (≤37 wks)	11-13	Livebirths
Fetal death or stillbirth	0.7-1	Stillbirths and livebirths
Infant death	0.7	Livebirths
Birth defects (through 1 year of life)	3	Livebirths
Chromosomal anomalies in livebirths	0.2	Livebirths

Adverse_reproduct_outcomes.htm

Modified from: Janssen S. Female reproductive toxicology. Current Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 5th ed., Ladou J, Jarrison RJ (Eds), Lange Medical Books/ McGraw-Hill, New York 2014 and compiled from various sources.

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