Repair of the anal sphincter after a third-degree perineal laceration

A third-degree laceration extends not only through the skin, mucous membrane, and perineal body, but includes the anal sphincter. Interrupted figure-of-eight sutures should be placed in the capsule of the sphincter muscle.

Reproduced with permission from: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL. Closure of 2nd degree laceration. In: Obstetrics: Normal & problem pregnancies, 3rd ed, Churchill Livingstone Inc., New York 1996. Copyright © 1996 Elsevier.

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خرید پکیج

Repair of the anal sphincter after a third-degree perineal laceration