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Dietary guidance for children older than 1 year

Dietary guidance for children older than 1 year
General guidelines
A variety of nutrient-dense foods from the basic food groups (cow's milk/milk products or fortified soy products, meat/protein, grains, fruits/vegetables) should be offered each day.
Foods and beverages should contain or be prepared with little added salt, sugar, or caloric sweeteners.
Fat
1 to 2 years – Fat and cholesterol intake are not restricted.
2 to 3 years – Fat should comprise 30 to 40% of total energy intake; saturated fats should be limited to <10% of total energy intake; intake of trans fats should be as low as possible.
4 to 18 years – Fat should comprise 25 to 35% of total energy intake; fat intake should not be restricted to <20% of total energy intake; saturated fats should be limited to <10% of total energy intake; intake of trans fats should be as low as possible.
Meat/protein
Select and prepare meat, poultry, fish, and dried beans with as little fat as possible.
Fruits, vegetables, and fruit juice
A colorful variety of fruits and vegetables should be offered each day.
Whole fruit is preferred to fruit juice, but one-half of the recommended daily servings can be provided in the form of 100% fruit juice.
Consumption of 100% fruit juice should be limited to 4 ounces (120 mL) in children aged 1 through 3 years, 4 to 6 ounces (120 to 180 mL) in children aged 4 through 6 years, and 8 ounces (240 mL) in children older than 7 years.
Grains
At least one-half of total grains consumed should be whole grains. When reading the label, "whole grain" should be the first ingredient.
Cow's milk or fortified soy milk
1 to 2 years – At least 2 cups (approximately 480 mL) of whole cow's milk per day (or equivalent products).
2 to 8 years – At least 2 to 3 cups (approximately 480 to 720 mL) of fat-free or low-fat milk per day (or equivalent products).
≥9 years – At least 3 cups (approximately 720 mL) of fat-free or low-fat milk per day (or equivalent products).
Beverages
Plain, unflavored water is the preferred beverage for children, particularly when fluids are consumed outside of meals and snacks.
References:
  1. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition. Feeding the child. In: Pediatric Nutrition, 8th ed, Kleinman RE, Greer FR (Eds), American Academy of Pediatrics, 2019. p.189.
  2. Dietary Guidelines Committee. Scientific report of the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee: Advisory report to the secretary of agriculture and the secretary of health and human services. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Washington, DC 2020. https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/2020-advisory-committee-report (Accessed on December 6, 2023).
  3. Dietary Recommendations for Healthy Children. American Heart Association. https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/eat-smart/nutrition-basics/dietary-recommendations-for-healthy-children (Accessed on December 6, 2023).
  4. Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D. Available at: http://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/Reports/2010/Dietary-Reference-Intakes-for-Calcium-and-Vitamin-D.aspx (Accessed on December 6, 2023).
  5. Heyman MB, Abrams SA, AAP Section on Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Committee on Nutrition. Fruit juice in infants, children, and adolescents: Current recommendations. Pediatrics 2017; 139:e20170967.
  6. Lott M, Callahan E, Welker Duffy E, et al. Healthy beverage consumption in early childhood: Recommendations from key national health and nutrition organizations. Technical Scientific Report. Healthy Eating Research, Durham, NC 2019. https://healthydrinkshealthykids.org/professionals/ (Accessed on December 6, 2023).
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