Version May 2024
| Hypovolemia |
| Polyuria due to diabetes insipidus, or osmotic diuresis due to hyperglycemia |
| Fluid restriction strategies for cerebral protection |
| Inadequate fluid restriction |
| Bleeding |
| Distributive shock |
| Systemic inflammatory response syndrome |
| Post-brain stem death vasodilatation |
| Cardiogenic shock |
| Myocardial trauma – Blunt contusion, penetrating injury |
| Electrolyte abnormality |
| Hypothermia |
| Endocrine and metabolic abnormalities |
| Anterior pituitary dysfunction |
| Adrenal insufficiency |
| Diabetes insipidus |
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