Possible mechanisms of barotrauma in mechanically ventilated patients

"Spontaneous" alveolar rupture

Alveolar overdistension due to ventilation (eg, excessive tidal volume and/or PEEP)

Manifestation of primary disease process (eg, ARDS, asthma, ILD, COPD, necrotizing pneumonia)

Inadvertent alveolar overdistension:

Right main bronchus intubation, severe central airway obstruction, pneumonectomy
Manual ventilation (bag-mask valve ventilation)

Direct injury

Trauma (penetrating, blunt)

Resuscitation (mouth-to-mouth, manual ventilation)

Airway laceration or perforation during intubation attempts

Biopsy or surgery

Central line placement

Thoracentesis

Failed chest tube placement

Transbronchial biopsy or bronchial brushing

ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ILD: interstitial lung disease; PEEP: positive end expiratory pressure.

Graphic 79654 Version 5.0

خرید پکیج

Possible mechanisms of barotrauma in mechanically ventilated patients