Version May 2024
| Differential diagnosis |
| Cerebral |
| Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) |
| Bilateral strokes |
| Psychogenic symptoms |
| Cerebellar |
| Acute cerebellar ataxia syndrome |
| Posterior fossa structural lesion |
| Spinal |
| Anterior spinal artery syndrome |
| Compressive myelopathy |
| Neuromyelitis optica |
| Poliomyelitis |
| Transverse myelitis |
| Other infectious causes of acute myelitis (eg, West Nile virus, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses) |
| Peripheral nervous system |
| Acute onset chronic inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy (CIDP) |
| Critical illness polyneuropathy |
| Cytomegalovirus-related radiculitis |
| Diphtheria |
| HIV-related radiculitis |
| Leptomeningeal malignancy |
| Lyme disease |
| Metabolic and electrolyte disorders (eg, hypoglycemia, hypophosphatemia) |
| Porphyria |
| Thiamine deficiency (beriberi) |
| Tick paralysis |
| Toxic neuropathy |
| Vasculitis |
| Neuromuscular junction |
| Botulism |
| Myasthenia gravis |
| Neuromuscular blocking agents |
| Muscle disease |
| Acute inflammatory myopathies (eg, dermatomyositis, polymyositis) |
| Acute viral myositis |
| Acute rhabdomyolysis |
| Critical illness myopathy |
| Metabolic myopathies (eg, hypokalemic, hyperkalemic) |
| Mitochondrial myopathies |
| Periodic paralysis |
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