Selected pharmacotherapeutic agents used for symptom management in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders

Agent	Targeted symptom(s)	Potential adverse effects
Atypical antipsychotic agents (eg, risperidone, aripiprazole, olanzapine)	Aggression Hyperactivity/inattention Repetitive behavior Sleep disturbance	Weight gain Metabolic syndrome Tremor Extrapyramidal symptoms Increased salivation Sedation
Stimulants (eg, methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine, dexmethylphenidate)	Hyperactivity/inattention/impulsivity	Decreased appetite Difficulty falling asleep Irritability Social withdrawal
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (eg, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, sertraline, paroxetine, etc)	Aggression Anxiety Depression Repetitive behavior	Potential increased risk of suicidal ideation Behavioral activation Irritability
Alpha-2-adrenergic agonists (eg, guanfacine, clonidine)	Aggression Hyperactivity/inattention Sleep disturbance	Sedation Fatigue Irritability Constipation Hypotension Rebound hypertension if discontinued abruptly
Anticonvulsant mood stabilizers (eg, valproic acid)	Aggression Hyperactivity/inattention Repetitive behaviors Sleep disturbance	Mood lability Fatigue Insomnia Diarrhea Weight gain Increased appetite
Atomoxetine	Hyperactivity/inattention	Potential increased risk of suicidal ideation Irritability Gastrointestinal symptoms Fatigue
Melatonin	Sleep disturbance	Difficulty waking Daytime sleepiness Enuresis
Mood stabilizer (eg, lithium)	Aggression	Weight gain Nausea Frequent urination

ASD: autism spectrum disorder.
* Approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of aggression and irritability in children with autism spectrum disorders.

Data from:

Hollander E, Phillips AT, Yeh CC. Targeted treatments for symptom domains in child and adolescent autism. Lancet 2003; 362:732.
Hyman SL, Levy SE, Myers SM, Council on Children with Disabilities, Section on Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics. Identification, evaluation, and management of children with autism spectrum disorder. Pediatrics 2019.
Leskovec TJ, Rowles BM, Findling RL. Pharmacological treatment options for autism spectrum disorders in children and adolescents. Harv Rev Psychiatry 2008; 16:97.

Graphic 80456 Version 6.0

خرید پکیج

Selected pharmacotherapeutic agents used for symptom management in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders