Causes of hemarthrosis^[1,2]

Trauma

Iatrogenic (traumatic arthrocentesis)

Without bone fracture

With bone fracture (lipohemarthrosis)

Postoperative

Hematologic

Drug-induced

Inherited hematologic disorders, ie, coagulation disorders, sickle cell disease

Acquired hematological disorders, ie, myeloproliferative diseases, essential thrombocytosis, and thrombocytopenia

Neurologic

Neuropathic (Charcot) arthropathy

Tumors

Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (pigmented villonodular synovitis)

Vascular

Hemangioma

Arteriovenous malformation

Aneurysm

Synovial vascular structural abnormalities

Osteoarthritis

Degenerative tear of the meniscus

Osteoarthritis (other)

Crystal diseases

Gout

Pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease)

Milwaukee shoulder

Nutritional

Scurvy

Septic arthritis

References:

Dougados M. Synovial fluid cell analysis. Bailliere's Clinical Rheumatology 1996; 10:519.
Baker CL. Acute hemarthrosis of the knee. J Med Assoc Ga 1992; 81:301.

Graphic 80811 Version 4.0

Causes of hemarthrosis[1,2]