Version May 2024
| Infectious | Selected clinical features that may be present |
| Viral | |
| Epstein-Barr virus | Tonsillopharyngitis, splenomegaly (>50%), fever, malaise, fatigue, periorbital edema |
| Cytomegalovirus | Fever, malaise, fatigue, occasional hepatosplenomegaly |
| Herpes simplex virus | Grouped vesicles; gingivostomatitis |
| Varicella zoster virus | Generalized vesicular rash appearing in crops |
| Adenovirus | Respiratory tract symptoms, pharyngitis, conjunctivitis |
| Rubella | Fever and rash; may be asymptomatic |
| Hepatitis B virus | High-risk sexual behavior, exposure to blood products |
| Rubeola (measles) | Maculopapular rash with cranial to caudal progression, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, Koplik spots |
| HIV | Recurrent bacterial infection, opportunistic infection, fever, diarrhea, encephalopathy, poor weight gain, hepatosplenomegaly |
| Fungal | |
| Coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) | Pneumonia; travel to or residence in endemic area (eg, southwestern United States) |
| Blastomycosis | Pneumonia; travel to or residence in an endemic area (eg, southeastern and south central United States, Africa) |
| Histoplasmosis | Pneumonia; travel to or residence in an endemic area (eg, Ohio, Mississippi, and Missouri River valleys) |
| Bacterial | |
| Group A streptococcal disease | Rash followed by desquamation |
| Brucellosis | Fever, sweats, malaise, fatigue, weight loss, ingestion of unpasteurized milk; exposure to cattle, sheep, or goats |
| Tularemia | Fever, chills, headache; ingestion of undercooked meats, exposure to rabbits, rodents, biting flies, or mosquitoes |
| Leptospirosis | Fever, rigors, myalgia, headache, conjunctival injection, rash, hepatosplenomegaly |
| Spirochetal | |
| Syphilis | Rash, fever, malaise, anorexia, and weight loss; hepatomegaly |
| Lyme disease | Erythema migrans, fever, headache, myalgia, malaise, arthralgia |
| Parasitic | |
| Toxoplasmosis | Most infections in immunocompetent hosts are asymptomatic; myalgia, fatigue, fever, splenomegaly, and maculopapular rash may be present; exposure to cats |
| Leishmaniasis | Cutaneous lesions, organomegaly, fever, cachexia; exposure to sandflies |
| Malaria | Fever, travel to or residence in an endemic area |
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