Guide for pulmonary function interpretation

Parameter	Pattern
Parameter	Restrictive	Obstructive	Combined
Lung volumes
Total lung capacity (TLC)	↓	Normal or ↑	↓
Vital capacity	↓	Normal or ↓	↓
Residual volume (RV)	Normal or ↓	Normal or ↑	Normal or ↑
RV/TLC ratio	Normal or ↑	↑	↑
Maximal expiratory flow rates
FEV1	↓	↓	↓
FEV1:FVC	Normal	↓	↓
FEF 25% to 75%	↓	↓	↓
Peak expiratory flow	↓	↓	↓
Flow-volume curve	↓ Volume	↓ Flows	↓ Flows and volume
Bronchodilator response	None	↑ Flows	Normal or ↑ flows
Gas exchange
DLCO	Normal or ↓	Normal or ↑	Normal, ↑, or ↓

Maximal expiratory flow rates can be obtained by spirometry, whereas the other measures of lung function require full pulmonary function testing.

FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC: forced vital capacity; FEF 25% to 75%: forced expiratory flow rate between 25 percent and 75 percent of the exhaled vital capacity; DLCO: carbon monoxide-diffusing capacity.

Adapted with permission from: Fraire JA, Keens TG. Pulmonary function tests in children: Guidelines for interpretation. J Respir Dis Pediatricians 2003; 5:211. Copyright © 2003 Cliggott Publishing Group.

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Guide for pulmonary function interpretation